WORLD
TRADE ORGANIZATION
The Parties to
this Agreement,
Recognizing
that their relations in the
field of trade and economic endeavour should be conducted
with a view to
raising standards of living, ensuring full employment and a large and steadily
growing
volume of real
income and effective demand, and expanding the production of and trade in goods
and
services, while
allowing for the optimal use of the world's resources in accordance with the
objective
of sustainable
development, seeking both to protect and preserve the environment and to
enhance the
means for doing so
in a manner consistent with their respective needs and concerns at different
levels
of economic
development,
Recognizing
further that there is need
for positive efforts designed to ensure that developing
countries, and
especially the least developed among them, secure a share in the growth in
international
trade commensurate
with the needs of their economic development,
Being
desirous of contributing to
these objectives by entering into reciprocal and mutually
advantageous
arrangements directed to the substantial reduction of tariffs and other
barriers to trade
and to the
elimination of discriminatory treatment in international trade relations,
Resolved, therefore, to develop an integrated, more viable and
durable multilateral trading system
encompassing the
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, the results of past trade
liberalization efforts,
and all of the
results of the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations,
Determined
to preserve the basic
principles and to further the objectives underlying this
multilateral trading
system,
Agree
as follows:
Article
I
Establishment
of the Organization
The World Trade
Organization (hereinafter referred to as "the WTO") is hereby
established.
Article
II
Scope
of the WTO
1. The WTO shall
provide the common institutional framework for the conduct of trade relations
among its Members in
matters related to the agreements and associated legal instruments included in
the Annexes to this
Agreement.
2. The agreements
and associated legal instruments included in Annexes 1, 2 and 3 (hereinafter
referred to as
"Multilateral Trade Agreements") are integral parts of this
Agreement, binding on all
Members.
3. The agreements
and associated legal instruments included in Annex 4 (hereinafter referred
to as
"Plurilateral Trade Agreements") are also part of this Agreement for
those Members that have
Page 10
accepted them, and
are binding on those Members. The Plurilateral Trade Agreements do not create
either obligations
or rights for Members that have not accepted them.
4. The General
Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994 as specified in Annex 1A (hereinafter
referred
to as "GATT
1994") is legally distinct from the General Agreement on Tariffs and
Trade, dated
30 October 1947,
annexed to the Final Act Adopted at the Conclusion of the Second Session of the
Preparatory
Committee of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, as
subsequently
rectified, amended
or modified (hereinafter referred to as "GATT 1947").
Article
III
Functions
of the WTO
1. The WTO shall
facilitate the implementation, administration and operation, and further the
objectives, of this
Agreement and of the Multilateral Trade Agreements, and shall also provide the
framework for the
implementation, administration and operation of the Plurilateral Trade
Agreements.
2. The WTO shall
provide the forum for negotiations among its Members concerning their
multilateral trade
relations in matters dealt with under the agreements in the Annexes to this
Agreement.
The WTO may also
provide a forum for further negotiations among its Members concerning their
multilateral trade
relations, and a framework for the implementation of the results of such
negotiations,
as may be decided by
the Ministerial Conference.
3. The WTO shall
administer the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement
of Disputes
(hereinafter referred to as the "Dispute Settlement Understanding" or
"DSU") in Annex 2
to this Agreement.
4. The WTO shall
administer the Trade Policy Review Mechanism (hereinafter referred to as the
"TPRM")
provided for in Annex 3 to this Agreement.
5. With a view to
achieving greater coherence in global economic policy-making, the WTO shall
cooperate, as
appropriate, with the International Monetary Fund and with the International
Bank for
Reconstruction and
Development and its affiliated agencies.
Article
IV
Structure
of the WTO
1. There shall be a
Ministerial Conference composed of representatives of all the Members, which
shall meet at least
once every two years. The Ministerial Conference shall carry out the functions
of
the WTO and take
actions necessary to this effect. The Ministerial Conference shall have the
authority
to take decisions on
all matters under any of the Multilateral Trade Agreements, if so requested by
a Member, in
accordance with the specific requirements for decision-making in this Agreement
and
in the relevant
Multilateral Trade Agreement.
2. There shall be a
General Council composed of representatives of all the Members, which shall
meet as appropriate.
In the intervals between meetings of the Ministerial Conference, its functions
shall be conducted
by the General Council. The General Council shall also carry out the functions
assigned to it by
this Agreement. The General Council shall establish its rules of procedure and
approve
the rules of
procedure for the Committees provided for in paragraph 7.
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3. The General
Council shall convene as appropriate to discharge the responsibilities of the
Dispute
Settlement Body
provided for in the Dispute Settlement Understanding. The Dispute Settlement
Body
may have its own
chairman and shall establish such rules of procedure as it deems necessary for
the
fulfilment of those
responsibilities.
4. The General Council
shall convene as appropriate to discharge the responsibilities of the Trade
Policy Review Body
provided for in the TPRM. The Trade Policy Review Body may have its own
chairman and shall
establish such rules of procedure as it deems necessary for the fulfilment of
those
responsibilities.
5. There shall be a
Council for Trade in Goods, a Council for Trade in Services and a Council
for Trade-Related
Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (hereinafter referred to as the
"Council for
TRIPS"), which
shall operate under the general guidance of the General Council. The Council
for Trade
in Goods shall
oversee the functioning of the Multilateral Trade Agreements in Annex 1A. The
Council
for Trade in
Services shall oversee the functioning of the General Agreement on Trade in
Services
(hereinafter
referred to as "GATS"). The Council for TRIPS shall oversee the
functioning of the
Agreement on
Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (hereinafter referred to
as the
"Agreement on
TRIPS"). These Councils shall carry out the functions assigned to them by
their respective
agreements and by
the General Council. They shall establish their respective rules of procedure
subject
to the approval of
the General Council. Membership in these Councils shall be open to
representatives
of all Members.
These Councils shall meet as necessary to carry out their functions.
6. The Council for
Trade in Goods, the Council for Trade in Services and the Council for TRIPS
shall establish
subsidiary bodies as required. These subsidiary bodies shall establish their
respective
rules of procedure
subject to the approval of their respective Councils.
7. The Ministerial
Conference shall establish a Committee on Trade and Development, a Committee
on
Balance-of-Payments Restrictions and a Committee on Budget, Finance and
Administration, which
shall carry out the
functions assigned to them by this Agreement and by the Multilateral Trade
Agreements, and any
additional functions assigned to them by the General Council, and may establish
such additional
Committees with such functions as it may deem appropriate. As part of its
functions,
the Committee on
Trade and Development shall periodically review the special provisions in the
Multilateral Trade
Agreements in favour of the least-developed country Members and report to the
General Council for
appropriate action. Membership in these Committees shall be open to
representatives
of all Members.
8. The bodies
provided for under the Plurilateral Trade Agreements shall carry out the
functions
assigned to them
under those Agreements and shall operate within the institutional framework of
the
WTO. These bodies
shall keep the General Council informed of their activities on a regular basis.
Article
V
Relations
with Other Organizations
1. The General Council
shall make appropriate arrangements for effective cooperation with other
intergovernmental
organizations that have responsibilities related to those of the WTO.
2. The General
Council may make appropriate arrangements for consultation and cooperation with
non-governmental
organizations concerned with matters related to those of the WTO.
Page 12
Article
VI
The
Secretariat
1. There shall be a
Secretariat of the WTO (hereinafter referred to as “the Secretariat”) headed
by a
Director-General.
2. The Ministerial
Conference shall appoint the Director-General and adopt regulations setting
out the powers,
duties, conditions of service and term of office of the Director-General.
3. The
Director-General shall appoint the members of the staff of the Secretariat and
determine
their duties and
conditions of service in accordance with regulations adopted by the Ministerial
Conference.
4. The
responsibilities of the Director-General and of the staff of the Secretariat
shall be exclusively
international in
character. In the discharge of their duties, the Director-General and the staff
of the
Secretariat shall
not seek or accept instructions from any government or any other authority
external
to the WTO. They
shall refrain from any action which might adversely reflect on their position
as
international
officials. The Members of the WTO shall respect the international character of
the
responsibilities of
the Director-General and of the staff of the Secretariat and shall not seek to
influence
them in the
discharge of their duties.
Article
VII
Budget
and Contributions
1. The
Director-General shall present to the Committee on Budget, Finance and
Administration
the annual budget
estimate and financial statement of the WTO. The Committee on Budget, Finance
and Administration
shall review the annual budget estimate and the financial statement presented
by
the Director-General
and make recommendations thereon to the General Council. The annual budget
estimate shall be
subject to approval by the General Council.
2. The Committee on
Budget, Finance and Administration shall propose to the General Council
financial
regulations which shall include provisions setting out:
(a) the scale of
contributions apportioning the expenses of the WTO among its Members;
and
(b) the measures to
be taken in respect of Members in arrears.
The financial
regulations shall be based, as far as practicable, on the regulations and
practices of
GATT 1947.
3. The General
Council shall adopt the financial regulations and the annual budget estimate by
a two-thirds majority
comprising more than half of the Members of the WTO.
4. Each Member shall
promptly contribute to the WTO its share in the expenses of the WTO in
accordance with the
financial regulations adopted by the General Council.
Page 13
Article
VIII
Status
of the WTO
1. The WTO shall
have legal personality, and shall be accorded by each of its Members such
legal capacity as
may be necessary for the exercise of its functions.
2. The WTO shall be
accorded by each of its Members such privileges and immunities as are
necessary for the
exercise of its functions.
3. The officials of
the WTO and the representatives of the Members shall similarly be accorded
by each of its
Members such privileges and immunities as are necessary for the independent
exercise
of their functions
in connection with the WTO.
4. The privileges
and immunities to be accorded by a Member to the WTO, its officials, and the
representatives of
its Members shall be similar to the privileges and immunities stipulated in the
Convention on the
Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies, approved by the General
Assembly of the
United Nations on 21 November 1947.
5. The WTO may
conclude a headquarters agreement.
Article
IX
Decision-Making
1. The WTO shall
continue the practice of decision-making by consensus followed under
GATT 1947.1 Except
as otherwise provided, where a decision cannot be arrived at by consensus, the
matter at issue
shall be decided by voting. At meetings of the Ministerial Conference and the
General
Council, each Member
of the WTO shall have one vote. Where the European Communities exercise
their right to vote,
they shall have a number of votes equal to the number of their member States2 which
are Members of the
WTO. Decisions of the Ministerial Conference and the General Council shall be
taken by a majority
of the votes cast, unless otherwise provided in this Agreement or in the
relevant
Multilateral Trade
Agreement.3
2. The Ministerial
Conference and the General Council shall have the exclusive authority to adopt
interpretations of
this Agreement and of the Multilateral Trade Agreements. In the case of an
interpretation of a
Multilateral Trade Agreement in Annex 1, they shall exercise their authority on
the
basis of a
recommendation by the Council overseeing the functioning of that Agreement. The
decision
to adopt an
interpretation shall be taken by a three-fourths majority of the Members. This
paragraph
shall not be used in
a manner that would undermine the amendment provisions in Article X.
3. In exceptional
circumstances, the Ministerial Conference may decide to waive an obligation
imposed on a Member
by this Agreement or any of the Multilateral Trade Agreements, provided that
1The body concerned shall be deemed to have decided by
consensus on a matter submitted for its consideration, if no
Member, present at
the meeting when the decision is taken, formally objects to the proposed
decision.
2The number of votes of the European Communities and their
member States shall in no case exceed the number of the
member States of the
European Communities.
3Decisions by the General Council when convened as the
Dispute Settlement Body shall be taken only in accordance
with the provisions
of paragraph 4 of Article 2 of the Dispute Settlement Understanding.
Page 14
any such decision
shall be taken by three fourths4 of the Members unless otherwise provided for in
this paragraph.
(a) A request for a
waiver concerning this Agreement shall be submitted to the Ministerial
Conference for
consideration pursuant to the practice of decision-making by consensus.
The Ministerial
Conference shall establish a time-period, which shall not exceed 90 days,
to consider the
request. If consensus is not reached during the time-period, any decision
to grant a waiver
shall be taken by three fourths4 of the Members.
(b) A request for a
waiver concerning the Multilateral Trade Agreements in Annexes 1A
or 1B or 1C and
their annexes shall be submitted initially to the Council for Trade in
Goods, the Council
for Trade in Services or the Council for TRIPS, respectively, for
consideration during
a time-period which shall not exceed 90 days. At the end of the
time-period, the
relevant Council shall submit a report to the Ministerial Conference.
4. A decision by the
Ministerial Conference granting a waiver shall state the exceptional
circumstances
justifying the decision, the terms and conditions governing the application of
the waiver,
and the date on
which the waiver shall terminate. Any waiver granted for a period of more than
one
year shall be
reviewed by the Ministerial Conference not later than one year after it is
granted, and
thereafter annually
until the waiver terminates. In each review, the Ministerial Conference shall
examine
whether the
exceptional circumstances justifying the waiver still exist and whether the terms
and
conditions attached
to the waiver have been met. The Ministerial Conference, on the basis of the
annual
review, may extend,
modify or terminate the waiver.
5. Decisions under a
Plurilateral Trade Agreement, including any decisions on interpretations and
waivers, shall be
governed by the provisions of that Agreement.
Article
X
Amendments
1. Any Member of the
WTO may initiate a proposal to amend the provisions of this Agreement
or the Multilateral
Trade Agreements in Annex 1 by submitting such proposal to the Ministerial
Conference. The
Councils listed in paragraph 5 of Article IV may also submit to the Ministerial
Conference proposals
to amend the provisions of the corresponding Multilateral Trade Agreements
in Annex 1 the
functioning of which they oversee. Unless the Ministerial Conference decides on
a
longer period, for a
period of 90 days after the proposal has been tabled formally at the
Ministerial
Conference any
decision by the Ministerial Conference to submit the proposed amendment to the
Members
for acceptance shall
be taken by consensus. Unless the provisions of paragraphs 2, 5 or 6 apply,
that
decision shall
specify whether the provisions of paragraphs 3 or 4 shall apply. If consensus
is reached,
the Ministerial
Conference shall forthwith submit the proposed amendment to the Members for
acceptance.
If consensus is not
reached at a meeting of the Ministerial Conference within the established
period,
the Ministerial
Conference shall decide by a two-thirds majority of the Members whether to
submit
the proposed
amendment to the Members for acceptance. Except as provided in paragraphs 2, 5
and
6, the provisions of
paragraph 3 shall apply to the proposed amendment, unless the Ministerial
Conference
decides by a
three-fourths majority of the Members that the provisions of paragraph 4 shall
apply.
2. Amendments to the
provisions of this Article and to the provisions of the following Articles
shall take effect
only upon acceptance by all Members:
4A decision to grant a waiver in respect of any obligation
subject to a transition period or a period for staged implementation
that the requesting
Member has not performed by the end of the relevant period shall be taken only
by consensus.
Page 15
Article IX of this
Agreement;
Articles I and II of
GATT 1994;
Article II:1 of
GATS;
Article 4 of the
Agreement on TRIPS.
3. Amendments to
provisions of this Agreement, or of the Multilateral Trade Agreements in
Annexes 1A and 1C,
other than those listed in paragraphs 2 and 6, of a nature that would alter the
rights
and obligations of
the Members, shall take effect for the Members that have accepted them upon
acceptance by two
thirds of the Members and thereafter for each other Member upon acceptance by
it. The Ministerial
Conference may decide by a three-fourths majority of the Members that any
amendment made
effective under this paragraph is of such a nature that any Member which has
not
accepted it within a
period specified by the Ministerial Conference in each case shall be free to
withdraw
from the WTO or to
remain a Member with the consent of the Ministerial Conference.
4. Amendments to
provisions of this Agreement or of the Multilateral Trade Agreements in
Annexes 1A and 1C,
other than those listed in paragraphs 2 and 6, of a nature that would not alter
the rights and
obligations of the Members, shall take effect for all Members upon acceptance
by two
thirds of the
Members.
5. Except as
provided in paragraph 2 above, amendments to Parts I, II and III of GATS and
the
respective annexes
shall take effect for the Members that have accepted them upon acceptance by
two
thirds of the
Members and thereafter for each Member upon acceptance by it. The Ministerial
Conference
may decide by a
three-fourths majority of the Members that any amendment made effective under
the
preceding provision
is of such a nature that any Member which has not accepted it within a period
specified by the
Ministerial Conference in each case shall be free to withdraw from the WTO or
to
remain a Member with
the consent of the Ministerial Conference. Amendments to Parts IV, V and
VI of GATS and the
respective annexes shall take effect for all Members upon acceptance by two
thirds
of the Members.
6. Notwithstanding
the other provisions of this Article, amendments to the Agreement on TRIPS
meeting the requirements
of paragraph 2 of Article 71 thereof may be adopted by the Ministerial
Conference without
further formal acceptance process.
7. Any Member
accepting an amendment to this Agreement or to a Multilateral Trade Agreement
in Annex 1 shall
deposit an instrument of acceptance with the Director-General of the WTO within
the period of
acceptance specified by the Ministerial Conference.
8. Any Member of the
WTO may initiate a proposal to amend the provisions of the Multilateral
Trade Agreements in
Annexes 2 and 3 by submitting such proposal to the Ministerial Conference.
The decision to
approve amendments to the Multilateral Trade Agreement in Annex 2 shall be made
by consensus and
these amendments shall take effect for all Members upon approval by the
Ministerial
Conference.
Decisions to approve amendments to the Multilateral Trade Agreement in Annex 3
shall
take effect for all
Members upon approval by the Ministerial Conference.
9. The Ministerial
Conference, upon the request of the Members parties to a trade agreement,
may decide
exclusively by consensus to add that agreement to Annex 4. The Ministerial
Conference,
upon the request of
the Members parties to a Plurilateral Trade Agreement, may decide to delete
that
Agreement from Annex
4.
10. Amendments to a
Plurilateral Trade Agreement shall be governed by the provisions of that
Agreement.
Page 16
Article
XI
Original
Membership
1. The contracting
parties to GATT 1947 as of the date of entry into force of this Agreement,
and the European
Communities, which accept this Agreement and the Multilateral Trade Agreements
and for which
Schedules of Concessions and Commitments are annexed to GATT 1994 and for which
Schedules of
Specific Commitments are annexed to GATS shall become original Members of the
WTO.
2. The least-developed
countries recognized as such by the United Nations will only be required
to undertake
commitments and concessions to the extent consistent with their individual
development,
financial and trade
needs or their administrative and institutional capabilities.
Article
XII
Accession
1. Any State or
separate customs territory possessing full autonomy in the conduct of its
external
commercial relations
and of the other matters provided for in this Agreement and the Multilateral
Trade
Agreements may accede
to this Agreement, on terms to be agreed between it and the WTO. Such accession
shall apply to this
Agreement and the Multilateral Trade Agreements annexed thereto.
2. Decisions on
accession shall be taken by the Ministerial Conference. The Ministerial Conference
shall approve the
agreement on the terms of accession by a two-thirds majority of the Members of
the
WTO.
3. Accession to a
Plurilateral Trade Agreement shall be governed by the provisions of that
Agreement.
Article
XIII
Non-Application
of Multilateral Trade Agreements
between
Particular Members
1. This Agreement
and the Multilateral Trade Agreements in Annexes 1 and 2 shall not apply
as between any
Member and any other Member if either of the Members, at the time either
becomes
a Member, does not
consent to such application.
2. Paragraph 1 may
be invoked between original Members of the WTO which were contracting
parties to GATT 1947
only where Article XXXV of that Agreement had been invoked earlier and was
effective as between
those contracting parties at the time of entry into force for them of this
Agreement.
3. Paragraph 1 shall
apply between a Member and another Member which has acceded under
Article XII only if
the Member not consenting to the application has so notified the Ministerial
Conference
before the approval
of the agreement on the terms of accession by the Ministerial Conference.
4. The Ministerial
Conference may review the operation of this Article in particular cases at the
request of any
Member and make appropriate recommendations.
5. Non-application
of a Plurilateral Trade Agreement between parties to that Agreement shall be
governed by the
provisions of that Agreement.
Page 17
Article
XIV
Acceptance,
Entry into Force and Deposit
1. This Agreement
shall be open for acceptance, by signature or otherwise, by contracting parties
to GATT 1947, and
the European Communities, which are eligible to become original Members of
the WTO in
accordance with Article XI of this Agreement. Such acceptance shall apply to
this
Agreement and the
Multilateral Trade Agreements annexed hereto. This Agreement and the
Multilateral
Trade Agreements
annexed hereto shall enter into force on the date determined by Ministers in
accordance
with paragraph 3 of
the Final Act Embodying the Results of the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade
Negotiations and
shall remain open for acceptance for a period of two years following that date
unless
the Ministers decide
otherwise. An acceptance following the entry into force of this Agreement shall
enter into force on
the 30th day following the date of such acceptance.
2. A Member which
accepts this Agreement after its entry into force shall implement those
concessions
and obligations in
the Multilateral Trade Agreements that are to be implemented over a period
of time starting
with the entry into force of this Agreement as if it had accepted this
Agreement on
the date of its
entry into force.
3. Until the entry
into force of this Agreement, the text of this Agreement and the Multilateral
Trade Agreements
shall be deposited with the Director-General to the CONTRACTING PARTIES to
GATT 1947. The
Director-General shall promptly furnish a certified true copy of this Agreement
and
the Multilateral
Trade Agreements, and a notification of each acceptance thereof, to each
government
and the European
Communities having accepted this Agreement. This Agreement and the Multilateral
Trade Agreements,
and any amendments thereto, shall, upon the entry into force of this Agreement,
be deposited with
the Director-General of the WTO.
4. The acceptance
and entry into force of a Plurilateral Trade Agreement shall be governed by
the provisions of
that Agreement. Such Agreements shall be deposited with the Director-General to
the CONTRACTING
PARTIES to GATT 1947. Upon the entry into force of this Agreement, such
Agreements shall be
deposited with the Director-General of the WTO.
Article
XV
Withdrawal
1. Any Member may
withdraw from this Agreement. Such withdrawal shall apply both to this
Agreement and the
Multilateral Trade Agreements and shall take effect upon the expiration of six
months
from the date on
which written notice of withdrawal is received by the Director-General of the
WTO.
2. Withdrawal from a
Plurilateral Trade Agreement shall be governed by the provisions of that
Agreement.
Article
XVI
Miscellaneous
Provisions
1. Except as
otherwise provided under this Agreement or the Multilateral Trade Agreements,
the
WTO shall be guided
by the decisions, procedures and customary practices followed by the
CONTRACTING PARTIES
to GATT 1947 and the bodies established in the framework of GATT 1947.
Page 18
2. To the extent
practicable, the Secretariat of GATT 1947 shall become the Secretariat of the
WTO, and the
Director-General to the CONTRACTING PARTIES to GATT 1947, until such time
as the Ministerial
Conference has appointed a Director-General in accordance with paragraph 2 of
Article VI of this
Agreement, shall serve as Director-General of the WTO.
3. In the event of a
conflict between a provision of this Agreement and a provision of any of the
Multilateral Trade
Agreements, the provision of this Agreement shall prevail to the extent of the
conflict.
4. Each Member shall
ensure the conformity of its laws, regulations and administrative procedures
with its obligations
as provided in the annexed Agreements.
5. No reservations
may be made in respect of any provision of this Agreement. Reservations
in respect of any of
the provisions of the Multilateral Trade Agreements may only be made to the
extent
provided for in
those Agreements. Reservations in respect of a provision of a Plurilateral
Trade
Agreement shall be
governed by the provisions of that Agreement.
6. This Agreement
shall be registered in accordance with the provisions of Article 102 of the
Charter
of the United
Nations.
DONE at Marrakesh
this fifteenth day of April one thousand nine hundred and ninety-four,
in a single copy, in
the English, French and Spanish languages, each text being authentic.
Explanatory Notes:
The terms
"country" or "countries" as used in this Agreement and the
Multilateral Trade Agreements are to be understood
to include any
separate customs territory Member of the WTO.
In the case of a
separate customs territory Member of the WTO, where an expression in this
Agreement and the
Multilateral Trade
Agreements is qualified by the term "national", such expression shall
be read as pertaining to that customs
territory, unless
otherwise specified.
Page 19
LIST
OF ANNEXES
ANNEX 1
ANNEX 1A:
Multilateral Agreements on Trade in Goods
General Agreement on
Tariffs and Trade 1994
Agreement on Agriculture
Agreement on the
Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures
Agreement on
Textiles and Clothing
Agreement on
Technical Barriers to Trade
Agreement on
Trade-Related Investment Measures
Agreement on
Implementation of Article VI of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994
Agreement on
Implementation of Article VII of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
1994
Agreement on
Preshipment Inspection
Agreement on Rules
of Origin
Agreement on Import
Licensing Procedures
Agreement on Subsidies
and Countervailing Measures
Agreement on
Safeguards
ANNEX 1B: General
Agreement on Trade in Services and Annexes
ANNEX 1C: Agreement
on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights
ANNEX 2
Understanding on
Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes
ANNEX 3
Trade Policy Review
Mechanism
ANNEX 4
Plurilateral Trade
Agreements
Agreement on Trade
in Civil Aircraft
Agreement on
Government Procurement
International Dairy
Agreement
International Bovine
Meat Agreement