외교부

The 26th APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting

PORT MORESBY, PAPUA NEW GUINEA
18 November 2018

“The Chair’s Era Kone Statement”
Harnessing Inclusive Opportunities, Embracing the Digital Future

1. The Statement of The Chair reflects the chair’s assessment of the prevailing views of all APEC
member economies as expressed during discussions at the APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting
held in Port Moresby. Most economies agreed to the following text, while a small number had
alternative or additional views on paragraphs 9, 16 and 17.

2. Exactly a quarter of a century after Papua New Guinea joined APEC, which coincided with the
historic first APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting, we, the Economic Leaders of APEC, met in
Port Moresby under the theme, “Harnessing Inclusive Opportunities, Embracing the Digital
Future”. In this era of rapid technological change, we continue to recognize the importance of
international trade to stimulating growth that is inclusive and sustainable, and driving prosperity
for all. We reaffirm APEC’s core objectives in promoting free and open trade and investment.
To that end, we recommit to advance balanced, innovative, secure, sustainable and inclusive
growth and highlight APEC’s work on structural reform and regional economic integration. We
seek to ensure that all people of the region can share in the benefits of a digital future.

3. We welcome the global growth achieved in 2018 and the economic outlook for the Asia-Pacific
region. However, growth has become less balanced and downside risks have risen. We will
continue to promote an open economy in the Asia-Pacific that is responsive to rapidly changing
economic conditions and that is condusive for increased investment and job creation.

4. We are optimistic about the future recognizing that 2018 has bridged our efforts to attain
APEC’s current goals and setting APEC’s vision beyond 2020. We are resolved to take
concrete steps to foster a shared future of a peaceful, stable, dynamic, inter-connected and
prosperous Asia-Pacific region, through the following actions:

I. Embracing the Digital Future

5. We recognise the increasing benefits of the digital economy in all APEC economies whether
in the form of internet connection and usage, government services, the growing number of
businesses producing digital products and services, or trade in these products and services
across borders. Innovations involving the use of digital technologies are increasingly being
seen in many sectors of our economies and contribute to economic growth. Furthermore,
digital technologies and innovations are increasingly changing the way businesses and
government operate across all sectors of our economies.

6. We recognise that APEC economies’ collective efforts on the digital economy have the
potential to increase productivity leading to significant gains for our economies as a whole. We
acknowledge that the ability to harness such gains for all in a balanced and equitable manner
will also depend on APEC’s collective effort in enabling an open, accessible, and secure
environment for the growth of, the digital economy. We note, that promoting stability, security,
trust, confidence and protection of consumer rights in the use of information and
communication technologies (ICTs) are also essential. We emphasize the importance of
enabling the free flow of information and data, recognizing legitimate domestic public policy
objectives. We recognize the importance of facilitating e-commerce and digital trade, including
the identification and reduction of unjustified barriers.

7. To ensure that no one is left behind, we will promote the participation of all groups in the digital
economy including women and those from remote and rural areas. The digital economy also
has the potential to promote greater engagement by disadvantaged groups in the broader
economy. We are committed to making joint efforts to improve digital inclusion and to bridge
the digital divide. These efforts will include among others, capacity building, facilitating the
construction of and access to secure and resilient digital infrastructure, and the development
of skills. We will promote the use of digital technology and innovation for high quality and
sustainable development. We recognize that there is significant potential to speed up the pace
of development through the facilitation and use of Information and Communication Technology
(ICT) and improved internet connectivity.

8. In order to meet such challenges, in 2017 we welcomed the adoption of the APEC Internet and
Digital Economy Roadmap. Given the rapid development of digital technologies and their farreaching
implications for all our economies, the implementation of the Roadmap has now
become more urgent than ever. We therefore endorse the APEC Action Agenda on the Digital
Economy (Annex A) and instruct officials to begin implementing this Agenda starting from
2019. We also recognise that addressing these issues requires a multi-faceted approach and
we welcome work with other relevant fora on digital economy issues, including among others
WTO, in particular the E-commerce discussion. To implement the Roadmap, we encourage
economies to work closely with private sector and other stakeholders.

II. Progressing the Bogor Goals

9. It is imperative that we hasten our efforts towards attaining the Bogor Goals. We urge
economies to make maximum progress under their individual action plans by the deadline of
2020. We further urge economies to advance trade in the region in a free, fair, and open
manner, in a way that will support non-discriminatory, and mutually advantageous trade and
investment frameworks.

III. Post-2020 Vision

10. We reiterate our commitment to developing a strategic, forward looking, and ambitious post-2020
vision that will position APEC to better address 21st Century challenges and opportunities for
member economies and our people. This vision would build upon past achievements, address
unfinished business, and explore new areas of cooperation to better respond to new and
emerging challenges and pressing issues in the coming decades. We welcome the discussions
on the post 2020 vision and note the progress on the ongoing work of the APEC Vision Group
(AVG).

IV. Improving Connectivity, Deepening Regional Economic Integration

Improving Connectivity

11. Today, as we gather in Papua New Guinea, the only APEC member economy in the region
that physically connects the Pacific to Asia, we reaffirm our commitment to implement the
APEC Connectivity Blueprint, which aspires to build a seamless and comprehensively
connected and integrated Asia-Pacific by 2025. We welcome the progress of quality
infrastructure initiatives in APEC. We are committed to pursuing all ongoing commitments in
progressing work on connectivity, including sub-regional, remote area connectivity and rural
urban development and will identify future areas of cooperation.

12. We commit to bringing member economies and people closer together through policy and
regulatory cooperation and coherence, trade facilitation and people-to-people exchanges. We
resolve to developing better regional networks in ICT infrastructure.

Deepening Regional Economic Integration

13. We reiterate the importance of APEC’s regional economic integration agenda. We welcome
progress to date to implement the Lima Declaration on Free Trade Area of the Asia Pacific
(FTAAP) and urge further progress on issues identified by economies in order to enhance
APEC economies’ ability to participate in high quality, comprehensive free trade agreements
in the future. We instruct officials to report progress to us in 2020.

14. We welcome ongoing progress on developing statistics in Trade in Value Added (TiVA). This
cooperation will produce tools to assist economies to better understand global production
networks.

15. We are committed to further actions to increase APEC’s competitiveness in the services sector
by 2025 and intensifying our efforts to address barriers and facilitate services trade that will
better enable our businesses to compete or trade in services markets.

World Trade Organisation

16. We recognise the importance of working toward achieving free and open markets and the
significance of international trade and investment in delivering prosperity for our people. We
reaffirm the importance of trade liberalisation and facilitation in achieving sustainable global
economic growth and creating jobs in our economies. We recognise the contributions that the
multilateral trading system has made towards that end. We support a well-functioning WTO that
provides a transparent, and non-discriminatory framework for progressive trade liberalisation,
based on rules agreed upon by its members.

17. In order to improve the functioning of the WTO and to deliver for all its members, we commit to
work together to improve its negotiating, monitoring and dispute settlement functions. We also
encourage APEC economies to increase their participation in the WTO to advance its work.

V. Promoting Sustainable and Inclusive Growth

18. We reaffirm our commitment to promote sustainable and inclusive growth that benefits our
people, raises living standards, lifts people out of poverty, and harnesses and develops our
resources sustainably in collaboration with the private sector. Recognizing the
interconnectedness of the economy with our societies and the environment, APEC should take
a comprehensive approach to its work to advance sustainability and inclusion in the region,
and put our peoples’ economic prosperity and well-being at the center of our considerations.
In this regard, we reaffirm our commitment to APEC’s agenda on advancing economic,
financial and social inclusion through APEC initiatives. These initiatives complement and are
consistent with our individual economy efforts as well as those undertaken in other frameworks,
such as the 2030 Agenda on Sustainable Development.

19. Recognizing the critical importance of energy security to support sustainable economic growth
in the APEC region, we commit to enhance access to affordable, sustainable, reliable and clean
energy, including clean and advanced fossil fuels and technologies by facilitating energyrelated
trade and investment, reducing energy intensity, enhancing energy resilience to avoid
disruptions to the energy sector, and scaling up deployment of efficient and clean energy
sources.

20. We underscore that it is crucial to improve the business environment for Micro, Small and
Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) as part of our efforts to advance inclusive growth.

21. We emphasize the importance of the economic empowerment of women and girls. We
underscore the need to bridge the digital divide between men and women and the gender pay
gap thereby increasing opportunities for women and girls towards fully realizing their potential
and enabling them to increase their participation in the digital economy. In this regard, we
welcome further initiatives to implement APEC’s work on human resources development in the
digital age. We recognise the importance of further promoting the full advancement of women
and girls as a means of realising sustainable development, economic growth and gender
equality.

22. We recognise the importance of science, technology and innovation in enabling inclusive,
sustainable economic growth for the region.

VI. Strengthening Inclusive Growth through Structural Reform

23. We recognise the critical importance of structural reform as a driver to strengthen inclusive,
innovative and quality economic growth. An effective and holistic approach to structural reform
improves the functioning of markets, enables deeper market participation by all segments of
our society and advances our broader APEC goals. Improvements to the regulatory
environment, including through strengthening competition policy, removing behind the border
barriers, and facilitating the ease of doing business, can increase cross-border trade, finance
and investment, as well as boost innovation and support the emergence of groundbreaking
technologies. We welcome work on structural reform and infrastructure and encourage officials
to undertake work in 2019 on structural reform and digital economy.

24. We reaffirm our commitment to foster integrity in the public and private sectors. We recognise
the importance of our efforts to combat and prevent corruption, promote transparency and good
governance and strengthen the rule of law.

25. We welcome the outcomes of the APEC Finance Ministers’ Process, particularly the Finance
Ministers Joint Statement, and the progress of accelerating infrastructure development and
financing, advancing financial inclusion, fostering international tax cooperation and
transparency, and further developing disaster risk financing and insurance.

VII. Looking Forward

26. Under our Era Kone Declaration, we hereby commit to take forward the above actions which
will harness inclusive opportunities, and allow our people to benefit from the digital future. We
are committed to carrying out further actions to maintain APEC as a key driver of regional and
global economic growth and we will strengthen APEC’s global leadership in addressing the
most pressing economic challenges.

27. On this historic occasion, we congratulate Papua New Guinea for its leadership this year in
hosting APEC for the first time, and significantly promoting future work on the Internet and
Digital Economy and APEC’s Post-2020 Vision.

28. We thank the APEC Business Advisory Council (ABAC) for its continued cooperation, advice
and support.

29. We look forward to meeting again in Chile in 2019.

ANNEX
Annex A – The APEC Action Agenda on the Digital Economy